Antibiotik, asam folat, B12. Penyakit Whipple: karena Trophyrema whippeli (basilus gram (+)); terlihat pada laki-laki kulit putih usia separuh baya. Manifestasi lainnya: demam, limfadenopati, edema, poliartritis, perubahan SSP, pigmentasi kulit abu-abu-ciklat Penatalaksanaan: pemberian antibiotik jangka panjang Limfoma usus.
Animated Cartoon Movies In Hindi Dubbed Average ratng: 5,0/5 9648votes Hollywood Animated movies are one of the best animated movies in the whole world in every sense. We have grown up watching animated cartoons Tele serials and Movies, but the fact is, no matter that we have grown up we still love them. We all have our favorite animated characters and movies, their memories still fresh in our mind. Today, animated movies are more precise and with great graphics that make the movie viewing experience much better. Here are the Best Hollywood Animated Movies of all Time The Lego Movie (2014) IMDb- 8.9 The Lego Minifigure is recruited to join a quest against an evil Lego tyrant who wants to destroy the whole Universe. Will the Lego Minifigure fight and end the Lego tyrant to save the world.
Wall-E is a romantic Fiction Comedy about a Robot named Wall-E who collects wastage to clean up the earth. Wall-E the robot inadvertently embarks a space journey. The Lion King (1994) IMDb-8.5 The movie is about a Lion who is living with a guilt that he killed his father, but in reality his father was killed by someone else. The little cub flees of the guilt and abandons the identity of the future king.
Toy Story 3 (2010) IMDb-8.5 The movie takes us all to a world of Toys where toys speak and have a life. In Toy Story 3, toys are mistakenly delivered at a day care center.
Woody, the toy convinces other toys that they are not abandoned and they will have to return home. Up (2009) IMDb- 8.3 70 year old Carl ties thousands of Balloons to his home and flies. Carl lives his lifelong dream to see South America’s Wilds. Toy Story (1995) IMDb-8.3 Toy Story 1995 is the first movie that takes us all to the unimaginable world of living toys.
Music of the Vampire (Hindi Dubbed) Scooby-Doo! Music of the Vampire Movies Cast & Crew Movies Name:Scooby-Doo! Music of the Vampire Director. Watch Full Animation Movies online free. The Boss Baby (2017) Full Hindi Dubbed Movie Online Free. July 1, 2017 Animation Movies, Hollywood Movies Dubbed in Hindi 0. The movie is about a cowboy boy toy is jealous of a new spaceman toy.
How to Train Your Dragon (2010) IMDb-8.2 Viking’s are known for their strength and courage. But amongst all healthy and courageous Vikings there is a young hapless Viking who doesn’t have strength and is a coward.
This young hapless Viking becomes the friend of the most dangerous dragon and trains him. While training his dragon friend, this little Viking understands a lot about the dragons. Finding Nemo (2003) IMDb-8.2 A clownfish sets on a journey to find his son who has been captured and taken to Sydney. Will the Clownfish bring back his son, Nemo? Monsters, Inc.
(2001) IMDB-8.1 Ever though monsters could be scared of children? Watch this movie!! Monster scares children of the city, but at the same time they are scared of children. Beauty and the Beast (1991) IMDb-8.1 No childhood will ever be complete without the story of Beauty and Beast. The movie is the best picturization of that same bed story.
Also check: Frozen (2013) IMDb-8.1 In Everest like conditions fearless optimist Anna starts a journey with Kristoff and a team. They encounter a hilarious snowman during the journey and find Anna’s sister Elsa. Elsa has icy powers that have trapped the kingdom in eternal winter. The Nightmare before Christmas (1993) IMDb-8.1 The king of Halloween Town, Jack Skellington discovers a strange town, a Christmas Town. Ratatouille (2007) We would all run away we find a mouse in our kitchen. But the movie Ratatouille shows a Genius Chef who is a mouse. Would you love to taste a dish cooked by this Chef.
Avatar (2009) IMDb-8.0 On a unique mission of conquering a mysterious place called Pandora, an ex marine is hired. Instead of helping in conquering the mysterious Pandora, he falls in love with them and protects them all. Also check: Aladdin (1992) IMDb- 8.0 We all know Aladdin and Jasmine, yes the movie is about them only. The love story of a street urchin Aladdin and a beautiful princess Jasmine is told magnificently in the movie. The Incredibles (2004) IMDb-8.0 A family of superheroes are forced into action to save the world. The family is living a quiet suburban life, but when see the evils taking place, they get set into action to fight them all.
The Wind Rises (2013) IMDb-8.0 The movie is about the life of Jiro Horikoshi. Jiro Horikoshi is the man who designed Japanese fighter planes that were used in World War II. Shrek (2001) IMDb-7.9 Shrek is a green ogre who enjoys a life of solitude. He is suddenly invaded by fairy tale characters who want to save their homes from ruin. Will Shrek help them all? Tangled (2010) IMDb-7.9 The movie is about long haired princess Rupanzel who had to spend her whole life caged in a tower away from her real parents. She runs away from the tower with the help of a thief and discovers the world she has never seen.
Despicable Me 2 (2013) IMDb-7.6 The ex supervillain, Gru is settling down in his family life. Gru is recruited by an Anti-Villain league to help in the quest of fighting a powerful criminal.
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. Tauny Akbari 2017-01-01 Full Text Available Abstract: The aim research was to analyze the student readability of translated textbooks Chemistry on concept Acids and Bases. Neutralization and Titration, and Weak Acid-Base Equilibrium were the sub concepts analyzed in this research. Descriptive method used in this research. The subjects were students majoring in chemistry education as many as 23 people. The instruments that used in this study were readability instrument based on student’s response and writing ideas.
Data were collected through self-learning which students study textbooks translation, fill the readability questionnaire, then write down the main idea. The results show the readabilitiy of translated textbooks Chemistry on concept Acids and Bases was on medium level with the percentage of students who choose that level was 47.8%. Most of the students were able to write down the main idea of the translated text books Chemistry on concept Acids and Bases with a percentage of 61.45%.Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisis keterbacaan mahasiswa terhadap buku teks terjemahan Chemistry materi Asam dan Basa. Konsep yang diteliti dibatasi pada sub pokok bahasan Netralisasi dan Titrasi, dan Kesetimbangan Asam-Basa Lemah.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif. Subyek penelitian adalah mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan kimia sebanyak 23 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa instrumen keterbacaan berdasarkan respons pembaca dan penulisan ide pokok.
Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pembelajaran mandiri yaitu mahasiswa mempelajari buku teks terjemahan, mengisi angket keterbacaan, kemudian menuliskan ide pokok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan buku teks terjemahan Chemistry pokok bahasan Asam dan Basa memiliki keterbacaan sedang dengan persentase mahasiswa yang memilih kategori keterbacaan tersebut sebesar 47,8%. Sebagian besar mahasiswa mampu menuliskan ide pokok pada buku teks terjemahan Chemistry pokok bahasan Asam dan Basa dengan persentase.
Jamaluddin Jamaluddin 2018-04-01 Full Text Available Ikan sidat (Anguilla marmorata (Q. Gaimard memiliki keunggulan gizi atau nutrisi yang tinggi seperti vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, protein, mineral, dan asam lemak yang baik bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar asam lemak, dan membandingkan komposisi asam lemak dari ikan sidat fase yellow eel asal sungai Palu dan danau Poso. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kromatografi gas dengan mengubah ekstrak lemak menjadi metil ester asam lemak. Hasil analisis komposisi asam lemak daging ikan sidat (Anguilla marmorata (Q. Gaimard fase yellow eel asal sungai Palu dan Danau Poso menunjukan kadar asam lemak jenuh masing-masing 2,766g/100g dan 0,275g/100g; asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal 4,029g/100g dan 0,276g/100g; dan asam lemak tak jenuh ganda 0,541g/100g dan 0,102g/100g. Terdapat perbedaan secara statistik (p.
Ramadani, Dewi 2014- Dewi Ramadani (I 411 10 267). Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Asam dan Waktu Demineralisasi pada Nilai Rendemen dan Sifat Fisiko Kimia Gelatin Tulang Sapi Bali.
Muhammad Irfan Said Sebagai Pembimbing Utama dan Farida Nur Yuliati Sebagai Pembimbing Anggota. Gelatin merupakan senyawa hasil hidrolisis serabut kolagen secara persial.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh jenis larutan dan waktu demineralisasi pada nilai rendemen dan sif. Ismawati ismawati 2018-01-01 Full Text Available Efek asam lipoat terhadap komplikasi diabetes mellitus telah banyak diteliti. Efek protektif asam lipoat (ALA terhadap aterosklerosis pada diabetes mellitus masih perlu diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pencegahan lesi aterosklerosis oleh asam alfa lipoat pada tikus diabetes mellitus (DM tipe 2. Sebanyak 21 ekor tikus wistar jantan yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok; kelompok kontrol, kelompok DM dan kelompok DM +ALA. Induksi DM tipe 2 dilakukan dengan pemberian streptozotocin (50 mg/kg diikuti oleh nikotinamide (110 mg/kg dosis tunggal intraperitoneal.
Asam lipoat diberikan peroral (60 mg/kg selama 3 minggu setelah hewan coba terdiagnosis DM. Penelitian yang merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain post test only with control ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Biokimia Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau bulan Juni - Oktober 2016. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan skor aterosklerosis pada kelompok DM+ALA lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok DM dan perbedaan ini bermakna secara statistik. Asam lipoat dapat mencegah pembentukan lesi aterosklerosis pada tikus DM tipe 2. The Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid in Preventing Atherosclerosis Lesion on the Abdominal Aorta of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Rats AbstractVarious studies have studied the clinical use of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA for treating diabetic complications. The protective effect of lipoic acid in atherosclerosis induced by diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM type 2 still needs further study. This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of ALA in atherosclerosis induced by DM type 2.
Twenty one rats were divided into 3 groups: control, DM−treated and DM+ALA-treated group. Type-2 diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg followed by nicotinamide (110 mg/kg. ALA was administered orally at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight/day throughout the feeding period for three weeks. This study was an experimental study with post-test only. Marina Silalahi 2017-08-01 Full Text Available Abstrak Biji Arenga pinnata memiliki kulit biji keras dan berlignin sehingga menghambat masuknya air ke dalam biji. Lapisan lignin pada kulit biji dapat didegradasi melalui reaksi kimia maupun perlakuan fisik.
Perendaman biji aren dengan asam kuat (HNO3, H2SO4, dan HCl dan pengamplasan akan mempengaruhi laju imbibisi air melewati kulit biji. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi asam kuat (HNO3, H2SO4, dan HCl, luas pengamplasan, air panas, lama perendaman, sedangkan variabel terikat laju imbibisi pada biji aren. Konsentrasi asam kuat yang digunakan adalah 1M dan 0,5M untuk masing-masing HNO3, H2SO4, dan HCl. Pengamplasan dilakukan di bagian pangkal biji, dan luas pengamplasan bervariasi (tanpa amplas, amplas ½ bagian, dan amplas keseluruhan. Setiap perlakuan direndam selama 18, 24 dan 36 jam. Biji aren yang diberi perlakuan fisik maupun kimia mengalami pengelupasan kulit biji.
Laju imbibisi biji pada perendaman 24 jam lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan lama perendaman 18 maupun 36 jam. Laju imbibisi tertinggi terjadi pada waktu perendaman 1M HCl dan amplas penuh dengan lama perendaman 24 jam sebesar 0,038 ± 0,002 mL/jam dan 0,038 ± 0,007 mL/jam.
Biji aren yang diberi perlakuan fisik dan kimia mulai berkecambah 7 minggu setelah tanam dengan daya kecambah tertinggi pada pemberian HNO3 dan lama perendaman 18 jam.Abstract Arenga pinnata seed has a hard seed coat and lignin that inhibit the absorption of water into the seed. The lignin in the seed coat can be degraded by chemical or physical treatments. Soaking of the palm seeds into strong acids (HNO3, H2SO4, or HCl and sanding may affect the imbibition rate. The research was conducted to investigate the effect of a strong acid, sanding, and soaking time to the imbibition rate of A.
Pinnata seed. The independent variables in this research are concentration of the strong acids HNO3, H2SO4, and HCl; sanding, and soaking time, while the dependent variable is the rate of imbibition.
Raden Haryo Bimo Setiarto 2017-02-01 beras, terigu, dan belum luasnya pemanfaatan sumber karbohidrat lokal seperti umbi-umbian dan serealia. Sorgum adalah salah satu serealia lokal yang berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi sumber karbohidrat dan protein. Namun, salah satu kendala yang dihadapi dalam pemanfaatan sorgum sebagai bahan pangan adalah rendahnya daya cerna protein sorgum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh fermentasi Rhizopus oligosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum, dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae terhadap kualitas nutrisi dan daya cerna protein tepung sorgum.
Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu pra-perlakuan biji sorgum, penyiapan inokulum, fermentasi padat, fermentasi cair, fermentasi campuran padat dan cair terhadap biji sorgum, penepungan (pengeringan dan penggilingan, analisis mikrobiologi (total koloni mikroba dan analisis kimia (kadar proksimat, asam amino, dan daya cerna protein. Pembuatan tepung sorgum dilakukan dengan empat perlakuan secara triplo yaitu kontrol (tanpa fermentasi, fermentasi cair (dengan Lactobacillus plantarum dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fermentasi padat (dengan Rhizopus oligosporus, dan fermentasi campuran padat dan cair (dengan Rhizopus oligosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah mikrobia pada tepung sorgum fermentasi masih dalam batas aman sesuai dengan SNI.
Proses fermentasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar protein, karbohidrat, dan lemak pada tepung sorgum. Selama fermentasi sorgum, kadar asam amino sistein dan lisin mengalami peningkatan sedangkan beberapa asam amino lainnya menurun. Proses fermentasi berpengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan daya cerna protein sorgum sebesar 3,5-5 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan kontrol tanpa fermentasi.
Haryo Bimo Setiarto 2016-06-01 Full Text Available Yam (Dioscorea hispida is one of the tubers belonging to the family dioscoreaceae. Yam tubers not only have high content of carbohydrate, but also contain some toxic compounds such as: cyanogenic glycosides, alkaloids dioscorin, dehydrodioscorin, saponin and sapogenin. Fermentation of yam tubers can affected for physicochemical and amylography characteristics of modified yam flour and reduced toxic compounds.
This study was aimed to determine effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB fermentation on the physicochemical properties and characteristics of yam flour amilography modification. From the 15 isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum had been selected two isolate (L. Plantarum B291 and B307 with the highest amylase enzyme activity to be used as starter fermentation to produce modified yam flour. Fermentation of LAB could reduce levels of HCN on modified yam flour, although decreased levels of HCN was not significant with requirements of SNI. Fermentation of LAB increased levels of protein, fat and lactic acid, but decreased pH value and carbohydrate content in modified yam flour. Based on results of amylography analysis, control of yam flour with shredded without fermentation had the best gelatinization profile because it most resistant about heating.ABSTRAKGadung (Dioscorea hispida merupakan salah satu jenis umbi-umbian yang tergolong dalam family Dioscoreaceae.
Ubi gadung memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi, akan tetapi juga mengandung beberapa senyawa racun berupa glikosida sianogenik, alkaloid dioscorin, dehydrodioscorin, saponin dan sapogenin yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Fermentasi umbi gadung dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisikokimia dan amilografi tepung gadung modifikasi serta menurunkan senyawa toksiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bakteri asam laktat (BAL penghasil amilase terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan amilografi tepung gadung modifikasi.
Sebanyak 15 isolat Lactobacillus plantarum telah diseleksi, sehingga. Dempsey, Paula J.; Wade, Daniel R.; Antolick, Lance J.; Thomas, Josiah 2014-01-01 This report presents the analysis of gear condition indicator data collected on a helicopter when damage occurred in spiral bevel gears. The purpose of the data analysis was to use existing in-service helicopter HUMS flight data from faulted spiral bevel gears as a Case Study, to better understand the differences between HUMS data response in a helicopter and a component test rig, the NASA Glenn Spiral Bevel Gear Fatigue Rig. The reason spiral bevel gear sets were chosen to demonstrate differences in response between both systems was the availability of the helicopter data and the availability of a test rig that was capable of testing spiral bevel gear sets to failure. The objective of the analysis presented in this paper was to re-process helicopter HUMS data with the same analysis techniques applied to the spiral bevel rig test data. The damage modes experienced in the field were mapped to the failure modes created in the test rig. A total of forty helicopters were evaluated.
Twenty helicopters, or tails, experienced damage to the spiral bevel gears in the nose gearbox. Vibration based gear condition indicators data was available before and after replacement.
The other twenty tails had no known anomalies in the nose gearbox within the time frame of the datasets. These twenty tails were considered the baseline dataset. The HUMS gear condition indicators evaluated included gear condition indicators (CI) Figure of Merit 4 (FM4), Root Mean Square (RMS) or Diagnostic Algorithm 1 (DA1) and +/- 3 Sideband Index (SI3). Three additional condition indicators, not currently calculated on-board, were calculated from the archived data. These three indicators were +/- 1 Sideband Index (SI1), the DA1 of the difference signal (DiffDA1) and the peak-to-peak of the difference signal (DP2P).
Results found the CI DP2P, not currently available in the on-board HUMS, performed the best, responding to varying levels of damage on thirteen of the fourteen helicopters evaluated. Ahmad Zaky El Islami 2015-11-01 Full Text Available This study aimstodetermine the correlation ofscience literacyand confidenceof studentson acid and base concept. This research was conductedatSMAN24Kabupaten TangeranginJanuary-June2013.The method usedwassurvey method, the subjectsin this study consistedof39 students. Datawere analyzed usingproductmomentcorrelation test. The instrument usedisa test ofscientific literacyandself-confidencequestionnaires.
Siti Nuryanti 2012-05-01 Full Text Available Titration acid-base needs indicator to show the change of color on interval of hydrogen exponent/degree of acid (pH. Indicator of synthetic which always be used have disadvantages like chemical pollution, stock and expensive of pro- duction cost. The research has been carried out to substitute the synthetic indicator with herbal indicator extracted from flower crown of Hibiscus rosa sinensis L extract.
The herbal indicator was extracted from the flower crown Hibiscus rosa sinensis L using a mixture methanol-acetic acid. Then it was evaluated with phenolphthalein and methyl orange(E merck comparer to titration the acid-base, they are strong acid-strong base, weak base-strong acid and weak acid-strong base. The result of research show that herbal indicator of flower crown Hibiscus rosa sinensis L to show theequivalent point in all titrations give peer result with the comparison. With the research result hoped that indicatortitration acid-base flower crown Hibiscus rosa sinensis L is able to as replace synthetic indicator (metyl orange andphenolphtalein which always be used before.
ABSTRAK Titrasi asam-basa memerlukan indikator untuk menunjukkan perubahan warna pada setiap interval derajad keasaman (pH. Indikator sintetis yang digunakan selama ini mempunyai beberapa kelemahan seperti polusi kimia, ketersediaan dan biaya produksi mahal. Upaya penelitian sudah dilakukan untuk menggantikan indikator sintetis dengan indikator dari ekstrak mahkota bunga sepatu. Indikator herbal tersebut dibuat dengan cara mengekstrak mahkota bunga Hibiscus rosa sinensis L dengan mengunakan pelarut metanol- asam asetat. Kemudian dievaluasi dengan indikator pembanding fenolftalein dan metil oranye (produksi E merck untuk titrasi asam-basa yaitu asam kuat-basa kuat, basa lemah- asam kuat dan asam lemah-basa kuat.
Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa indikator dari mahkota bunga sepatu untuk menunjukkan titik ekivalen dalam titrasi tersebut memberikan hasil yang. Ni Kadek Laura Sastrawan 2016-03-01 Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kecepatan kesembuhan luka insisi pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus yang diberikan obat deksametason dan asam mefenamat ditinjau dari gambaran makroskopik dan mikroskopik. Tiga puluh ekor tikus putih jantan dengan berat 150-200 gram dibagi menjadi tiga perlakuan, yang diinsisi pada daerah linea alba dengan panjang insisi dua cm dengan kedalaman hingga menembus peritoneum. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL.
Pengamatan makroskopik dilakukan setiap hari selama 14 hari. Pada hari ketujuh dan hari ke14, lima ekor tikus dari semua kelompok dieutanasi, kemudian kulit hingga peritoneum lokasi luka insisi dikoleksi untuk pemeriksaan histopatologis. Hasil pemeriksaan makroskopik dianalis secara deskriptif dan pemeriksaan histopatologis dianalisis menggunakan uji Non Parametrik. Hasil pemeriksaan makroskopik dan mikroskopik menunjukan bahwa tikus perlakuan III memberikan efek kesembuhan luka lebih cepat dibandingkan tikus perlakuan II dan tikus perlakuan I karena efek dari peradangan terjadi lebih sedikit (minimal dan kerapatan kolagen yang lebih padat. Nuraini Sari 2014-11-01 Full Text Available This study aims to provide an overview of the disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR in the mining company's corporate sustainability report.
It is also to analyze the disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR in corporate sustainability report with standard Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI 3.1. Research was conducted in Batubara Bukit Asam (Persero Tbk. And Timah (Persero Tbk. On their corporatesustainability report for the year of 2012. The analysis was conducted on the presentation of economic performance indicator, environmental performance indicator, performance indicators of employment and workplace practices, human rights performance indicator, public performance indicator and performance indicator reported products liability provisions established in the GRI 3.1.
The result is the two companies havedisclosed CSR in accordance with GRI3.1. Batubara Bukit Asam (Persero Tbk and Timah (Persero Tbk have disclosed their performance indicators; and the average has exceeded 75%.
However, the disclosure of each indicator and its aspects are not comprehensive. Maulana, Harry Cahya; Sitorus, Rico Januar; Hasyim, Hamzah 2010-01-01 Background: The shift work can cause fatigue and influence the blood pressure of workers.
The change of activity schedule from day to night can intrude circadian rhytm which affects body function, involved fatigue and decreasing of blood pressure especially night shift's workers. Method: The objectives of this research were to know the correlation between shift work and work fatigue of nurses of Inpatient Unit at Bukit Asam Hospital Tanjung Enim and the differences of the change of blood p. VH Putranto 2016-04-01 Full Text Available Aktivasi menggunakan asam kuat dalam sintesis zeolit dikenal dapat meningkatkan kemampuan zeolit sebagai adsorben. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan abu sekam padi sebagai sumber silika yang diaktivasi dengan HCl 2 M pada sintesis zeolit secara hidrotermal dan memanfaatkan zeolit hasil sintesis untuk menurunkan tingkat kesadahan air sumur.
Proses aktivasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan HCl 2 M. Zeolit hasil sintesis diuji secara kualitatif menggunakan Spektrofotometer Inframerah (FTIR dan Difraksi Sinar-X (XRD kemudian dimanfaatkan untuk menurunkan kadar ion logam Ca2+ dan Mg2+ penyebab kesadahan air dengan variasi waktu kontak (0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, dan 120 menit dilanjutkan variasi massa zeolit sintetis (0,05; 0,1; 0,125; 0,25; serta 0,5 gram per volume air sumur 25 ml.
Hasil uji komposisi kimia dengan Fluoresensi Sinar-X menunjukkan abu sekam padi yang telah diaktivasi memiliki kadar silika (SiO2 yang lebih tinggi yakni mencapai 95,83%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit sintetis yang dihasilkan merupakan zeolit tipe NaY (zeolite like dengan kristal cancrinite sebagai fasa dominan.
Adsorbsi optimum ion logam Ca2+ dan Mg2+ dalam air sumur oleh zeolit hasil sintesis terjadi pada waktu 60 menit dengan penyerapan optimum sebesar 94,71% Ca2+ dan 84,55% Mg2+ serta pada massa adsorben optimum 0,125 gram dengan penyerapan optimum sebesar 93,02% Ca2+ dan 83,78% Mg2+.Activation using a strong acid in zeolite synthesis is known can enhance the ability of zeolite as adsorbent. This study aims to utilize rice husk ash as a source of silica, which is activated with 2 M HCl in zeolite synthesis hydrothermally and apply the zeolite to reduce the level of hardness in well water. The activation process is performed by using HCl 2 M solution. Zeolite product is analyzed qualitatively using infrared spectrometer (FTIR and X-ray Diffraction (XRD and then used to reduce the levels of metal ions Ca2+ and Mg2+ which cause water hardness. M.
Agus Prayitno 2016-05-01 Full Text Available Kimia merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan sehari- hari, dari segi lingkungan teknologi, maupun masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan modul pembelajaran kimia bervisi SETS berorientasi CEP pada materi larutan asam basa yang layak dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar, minat wirausaha, dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Uji coba kelayakan produk pada penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MA Mu’allimin Mu’allimat dengan model penelitian one group pre-test and post-test design dan di MAN Rembang dengan model penelitian pre-test and post-test control group design. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan metode validasi, observasi, dokumentasi, tes, dan skala Likert. Hasil validasi ahli materi, ahli media, dan praktisi menunjukkan bahwa modul pembelajaran kimia bervisi SETS berorientasi CEP sangat layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran kimia dengan skor ratarata pada aspek kegrafikan 95,00, aspek penyajian 95,33, aspek kebahasaan 95,00, dan aspek kegrafikan 94,44.
Hasil uji coba modul di MA Mu’allimin Mu’allimat menunjukkan peningkatan motivasi 20%, minat wirausaha 25%, dan hasil belajar siswa 79%. Uji coba modul di MAN Rembang peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa, minat wirausaha, dan hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen sebesar 27%, 17% dan 66%, sedangkan peningkatan kelas kontrol secara berturutturut 0,4%, 11%, dan 24%.Chemistryis one of the subjects related to everyday life, in terms of environmental technology, and society. The purpose of this research is to produce visionary chemistry learning modules SETS with CEP oriented on acid-base materials which properly and effectively use in learning to improve learning motivation, entrepreneurial interest, and student learning outcomes.
This research is development reaserch. Testing the product viability on the research carried out in MA Mu'allimin Mu'allimat with research model are one.
Yuli Yetri 2016-11-01 Full Text Available Efek inhibisi korosi dan sifat-sifat adsorpsi oleh ekstrak kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao pada baja lunak (mild steel dalam larutan asam 1,5M HCl telah dipelajari menggunakan teknik konvensional metode berat hilang pada variasi waktu, konsentrasi dan suhu. Parameter-parameter termodinamika seperti energi aktivasi, entalpi, entropi dan perubahan energi bebas dihitung. Polarisasi elektrokimia telah dievaluasi untuk memastikan jenis inhibitor. Spektra infrared dan GCMS dilakukan untuk mengetahui senyawa ekstrak yang berperan dalam proses inhibisi.
Morfologi permukaan sampel diamati dengan menggunakan scanning electro microscopy dengan energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX. Keseluruhan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak polar kulit buah coklat dapat digunakan sebagai inhibitor korosi yang efektif pada baja karbon di lingkungan 1,5M HCl dengan pencapaian efisiensi inhibisi terkorosi sebesar 96.26% (weight loss dan 92.08% (Tafel pada konsentrasi ekstrak 2,5% selama768 jam. Mekanisme inhibisi adalah adsorpsi chemiadsorpsi berdasar tingginya nilai entalpi dan energi bebas.Effisiensi Inhibisi diketahui meningkat dengan peningkatan konsentrasi dari ekstrak serta menurun dengan peningkatan suhu. Kurva polarisasi menunjukkan inhibitor ini berperilaku sebagai inhibitor campuran dengan dominan pada inhibisi katodik. Ekstrak diadsorpsi oleh permukaan mild steel mengikuti model adsorpsi isotherm Langmuir.
Kondisi permukaan mild steel menunjukan terjadinya adsorpsi di permukaan membentuk lapisan tipis di permukaan logam. Penambahan ekstrak kulit buah kakao ke dalam larutan HCl sangat efektif untuk mengurangi serangan korosi di permukaan mild steel. Kata kunci: Korosi, Inhibitor, Theobroma cacao, Mild steel, Potensiodinamik Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency Mild Steel in Acid Media with Inhibitor Peels Extract of Cacao (Theobroma cacaoABSTRACT Inhibition and adsorption properties of Theobroma cacao peel polar extract. Mancuso Francesco M 2011-12-01 Full Text Available Abstract Background The study of the human DNA methylome has gained particular interest in the last few years. Researchers can nowadays investigate the potential role of DNA methylation in common disorders by taking advantage of new high-throughput technologies.
Among these, Illumina Infinium assays can interrogate the methylation levels of hundreds of thousands of CpG sites, offering an ideal solution for genome-wide methylation profiling. However, like for other high-throughput technologies, the main bottleneck remains at the stage of data analysis rather than data production. Findings We have developed HumMeth27QCReport, an R package devoted to researchers wanting to quickly analyse their Illumina Infinium methylation arrays.
This package automates quality control steps by generating a report including sample-independent and sample-dependent quality plots, and performs primary analysis of raw methylation calls by computing data normalization, statistics, and sample similarities. This package is available at CRAN repository, and can be integrated in any Galaxy instance through the implementation of ad-hoc scripts accessible at Galaxy Tool Shed. Conclusions Our package provides users of the Illumina Infinium Methylation assays with a simplified, automated, open-source quality control and primary analysis of their methylation data. Moreover, to enhance its use by experimental researchers, the tool is being distributed along with the scripts necessary for its implementation in the Galaxy workbench. Finally, although it was originally developed for HumanMethylation27, we proved its compatibility with data generated with the HumanMethylation450 Bead Chip.
learnt that in memory of Jewish victims of the Holocaust, Kohn had helped organize a music concert by the Austrian composer Viktor Ullmann, who was killed in the gas chambers at the. Auschwitz–Birkenau concentration camp; Ullmann had been imprisoned at Theresienstadt at the same time as Kohn's parents. and Sananda Biswas, who were participants in the school.
Change drastically when the Nazis came to power in neighboring Germany. Tional theory computer packages) and the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical. Barker, C.; Gregory, R.; Purdy, M. 1997-01-01 The paper discusses the outlook for Western European gas and oil industries. Renewed interest in older producing areas, plus plenty of frontier license awards combine to keep UK and Norway drillers hopping. Production rates hold steady despite softer prices. Separate evaluations are given for United Kingdom, Norway, Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, France, Austria, and briefly for Greece, Spain, Portugal, and Malta.
Raden Haryo Bimo Setiarto 2017-09-01 Full Text Available Fructooligosaccharides are prebiotic source that widely used in food products, such as: fermented milk and infant formula. Prebiotics are food components that cannot be digested in the digestive tract enzymatically.
However, they can be fermented by probiotic bacteria in the colon. This study aimed to determine the optimum concentrations of fructooligosaccharides in order to increase the growth of lactic acid bacteria yogurt starter (Lactobacillus acidophillus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophillus. Optimation concentration of fructooligosaccharides on the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophillus can be determined based on OD (optical density, TPC (Total Plate Count, total lactic acid content and pH value. Suplementation of fructooligosaccharides 1% (w/v on the media MRSB increased significantly the growth of L.
Acidophilus, L.bulgaricus, S. Furthermore, L. Acidophilus, L. Bulgaricus and S. Thermophilus experienced exponential growth phase during incubation period from 6 to 18 hours.
Fermentation of L. Acidophilus, L. Bulgaricus, S. Thermophilus in MRSB medium supplemented by fructooligosaccharides decreased the pH value of the formation of organic acids from 6.00 to 4.00. ABSTRAK Fruktooligosakarida adalah sumber prebiotik yang banyak digunakan dalam produk pangan olahan seperti susu fermentasi dan susu formula.
Prebiotik adalah komponen bahan pangan fungsional yang tidak dapat dicerna di dalam saluran pencernaan secara enzimatik sehingga akan difermentasi oleh bakteri probiotik dalam usus besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan konsentrasi optimum fruktooligosakarida untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bakteri asam laktat starter yoghurt (Lactobacillus acidophillus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophillus. Konsentrasi optimum fruktooligosakarida pada pertumbuhan Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophillus dapat. Adang H G 2017-01-01 Full Text Available ABSTRAK PENGARUH REGENERASI KOLOM ALUMINA ASAM TERHADAP RECOVERY DAN KUALITAS 99mTc HASIL EKSTRAKSI PELARUT MEK DARI 99Mo HASIL AKTIVASI NEUTRON. Melalui kerjasama antara PTRR-BATAN, Chiyoda dan JAEA Jepang telah dilakukan pemurnian 99mTc dari 99Mo hasil aktivasi neutron dengan menggunakan metode kromatografi kolom alumina asam terhadap hasil ekstraksi MEK (Metil Etil Keton. Pemurnian 99mTc dengan metode kolom alumina asam hanya dapat digunakan satu kali dan pemurnian berikutnya harus diganti dengan kolom baru.
Hal ini dinilai kurang praktis dan juga memerlukan biaya yang mahal. Dalam penelitian ini dicoba penggunaan kolom alumina asam untuk pemurnian 99mTc lebih dari satu kali dengan melakukan proses regenerasi dengan cara melewatkan larutan HNO3 0,1N setiap kali proses pemurnian selesai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan larutan 99mTc yang dapat digunakan untuk penandaan kit radiofarmaka. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah recovery, profil elusi, pH, kemurnian radiokimia dan kemurnian radionuklida (lolosan 99Mo. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan selama 5 hari telah diperoleh pH 5, recovery 60%, kemurnian radiokimia 95% dan lolosan 99Mo tidak terdeteksi. Dari hasil perlakuan terhadap kolom alumina asam dengan larutan HNO3 0,1 N disimpulkan bahwa kolom alumina asam tidak perlu diganti setiap hari. Kata kunci: 99mTc, 99Mo, MEK, kolom alumina asam, kemurnian radiokimia.
ABSTRACT Purification of 99mTc from 99Mo activation using acidic alumina column chromatography system from MEK (Methyl Ethyl Keton extraction has been carried out through cooperation between PTRR - BATAN, Chiyoda and JAEA Japan. This method has a limitation that acidic alumina column for purification of 99mTc can be used only once, for the next purification acidic alumina column should be replaced with new column, so it is less practical and also requires high cost.
This study aims to obtain a 99mTc solution can be use for labelling of a. Zhou, Hang; Yang, Yang; Shen, Hong-Bin 2017-03-15 Protein subcellular localization prediction has been an important research topic in computational biology over the last decade. Various automatic methods have been proposed to predict locations for large scale protein datasets, where statistical machine learning algorithms are widely used for model construction. A key step in these predictors is encoding the amino acid sequences into feature vectors. Many studies have shown that features extracted from biological domains, such as gene ontology and functional domains, can be very useful for improving the prediction accuracy.
However, domain knowledge usually results in redundant features and high-dimensional feature spaces, which may degenerate the performance of machine learning models. In this paper, we propose a new amino acid sequence-based human protein subcellular location prediction approach Hum-mPLoc 3.0, which covers 12 human subcellular localizations. The sequences are represented by multi-view complementary features, i.e. Context vocabulary annotation-based gene ontology (GO) terms, peptide-based functional domains, and residue-based statistical features. To systematically reflect the structural hierarchy of the domain knowledge bases, we propose a novel feature representation protocol denoted as HCM (Hidden Correlation Modeling), which will create more compact and discriminative feature vectors by modeling the hidden correlations between annotation terms.
Experimental results on four benchmark datasets show that HCM improves prediction accuracy by 5-11% and F 1 by 8-19% compared with conventional GO-based methods. A large-scale application of Hum-mPLoc 3.0 on the whole human proteome reveals proteins co-localization preferences in the cell. Www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/ Hum-mPLoc3/. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. © The Author 2016.
Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: [email protected]. Metcalf, P. 2003-01-01 The scope of ASAM project covers near surface disposal facilities for all types of low and intermediate level wastes with emphasis of the post-closure safety assessment.The objectives are to explore practical application to a range of disposal facilities for a number of purposes e.g. Development of design concepts, safety re-assessment, upgrading safety and to develop practical approaches to assist regulators, operators and other experts in review of safety assessment.
The task of the Co-ordination Group are: reassessment of existing facilities - use of safety assessment in decision making on selection of options (volunteer site Hungary); disused sealed sources - evaluation of disposability of disused sealed sources in near surface facilities (volunteer site Saratov, Russia); mining and minerals processing waste - evaluation of long-term safety (volunteer site pmc S. Siti Zulaihah 2012-04-01 Full Text Available ABSTRACT Background: Fish contain of high protein, EPA, DHA needed for the formation of brain cell and improving intelligence. Consuming fish and other sea food make healthy and improve the brain ability to reach optimum study achievement. In 2003, fish consumption in Indonesia is still low 24,67kg/capita/year. Based on BPS 2002, fish consumption in Semarang is 5,38%. The fish consumption has a big influence on nutrition sufficiency especially EPA and DHA, nutrition status and attaining healthy and smart Indonesian human resources.
Goal: To analyze the relationship between fish meal frequency, fish EPA and DHA recommended and nutrition status with student's study achievement. Method: The research used survey method, analytical research, and cross -sectional time approach.
This research was conducted on September-October 2004. Sample was 100 subject of SD Taqwiyatui Wathon (grade IV are 54 person, grade V are 46 person by using Stratified Random Sampling method. The data preparation used NUTRISOFT. Result: Fish frequently consumed by responden was bandeng (Chanos chanos 5%, tongkol (Euthynnus allitteratus rafmescue 4%, kembung (Scomber kanoguria russei 1% and mujair (Tilapia mossambica 1%. EPA, DHA% RDA defisit 62%, normal nutritional status 93% and average category of study achievement 55%.
There was relation between fish meal frequency and fish EPA, DHA% RDA (ρ=0,000, there was no relation between fish meal frequency and nutritional status (ρ=0,213, there was relation between fish meal frequency and study achievement (ρ=0,000, there was relation between fish EPA, DHA recommendation and study achievement (ρ=0,000, and there was no relation between nutrition status and study achievement (ρ=0.378. Based on Pearson correlation test, there was no relation between fish EPA, DHA recommendation and nutritional status (ρ=0,000. Conclution: Students with frequent fish consumption and high RDA of EPA, DHA% RDA showed better study achievement. Keywords: Omega 3, EPA.
DHA, nutritional status, study archivement, student ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Ikan mengandung protein, EPA, DHA tinggi, diperlukan untuk pembentukan sel otak dalam meningkatkan intelegensia. Mengkonsumsi ikan dan makanan laut lainnya selain menyehatkan juga meningkatkan kemampuan otak untuk mencapai prestasi belajar optimal. Tahun 2003 konsumsi ikan di Indonesia masih rendah yaitu 24,67 kg/kapita/tahun. Menurut BPS 2002 konsumsi ikan di Semarang 5,38%. Konsumsi ikan tersebut berpengaruh besar terhadap kecukupan zat gizi terutama EPA dan DHA, status gizi dan pencapaian sumberdaya manusia Indonesia yang sehat dan cerdas. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan frekuensi makan ikan, kecukupan EPA, DHA ikan dan status gizi dengan prestasi belajar siswa.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, jenis penelitian analitik, pendekatan waktu cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan September-Oktober 2004, termasuk disiplin Ilmu Gizi Masyarakat. Sampel penelitian 100 siswa SD Taqwiyatul Wathon (kelas IV 54 siswa dan kelas V 46 siswa.
Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode Stratified random sampling. Pengolahan data dengan NUTRISOFT dan software pengolah data. Hasil: Ikan yang banyak dikonsumsi responden yaitu bandeng dengan kategori baik 5%, tongkol 4%, kembung 1% dan mujair 1%.
Kecukupan EPA, DHA termasuk defisit 62%, status gizi normal 93% dan prestasi belajar kategori sedang 55%. Berdasar uji Spearman ada hubungan frekuensi makan dengan kecukupan EPA, DHA ikan (ρ=0,000, tidak ada hubungan frekuensi makan ikan dengan status gizi (ρ=0,213, ada hubungan frekuensi makan ikan dengan prestasi belajar (ρ=0,000, ada hubungan kecukupan EPA, DHA dengan prestasi belajar (ρ=0,000 dan tidak ada hubungan status gizi dengan prestasi belajar (ρ=0,378. Berdasar uji Pearson tidak ada hubungan kecukupan EPA, DHA ikan dengan status gizi (ρ=0,408. Simpulan: Siswa yang mengkonsumsi ikan dengan frekuensi dan kecukupan EPA dan DHA tinggi prestasi belajar siswa baik. Kata kunci: Omega 3, EPA, DHA, status gizi, prestasi belajar, siswa. Permalink:.
SULISTYO, JOKO 1986-01-01 JOKO SUUSTYO. Analysis of organic acid and amino acid in natto fermented by 7 strains of Bacillus natto. Berita Biologi 3 (6): 277 - 282. The ability of seven strains of Bacillus natto produced a number of organic and amino acid components in natto were investigated. Raw, submerced and autoclaved soybeans for natto contained 1.15% 0.46% and 0.77% in organic acid and 0.19%, 0.30% and 0.30% in amino acid, while after fermentation those range were 0.36 - 0.90% in organic acid and 2.86 -6.0.
McCormick, Kathleen 1985-01-01 Some school systems are finding practical ways to enhance music programs. Experts suggest ways for schools to (1) build a marketing plan, (2) make it easier for children to participate in the music program, (3) provide reinforcement, and (4) publicize the program. (MLF). Pryor, Anna H.; Mosher, Marianne; Lewicki, David G.; Norvig, Peter (Technical Monitor) 2001-01-01 This paper reports the study of four time-frequency transforms applied to vibration signals and presents a new metric for comparing them for fault detection. The four methods to be described and compared are the Short Time Frequency Transform (STFT), the Choi-Williams Distribution (WV-CW), the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Vibration data of bevel gear tooth fatigue cracks, under a variety of operating load levels, are analyzed using these methods.
The new metric for automatic fault detection is developed and can be produced from any systematic numerical representation of the vibration signals. This new metric reveals indications of gear damage with all of the methods on this data set. Analysis with the CWT detects mechanical problems with the test rig not found with the other transforms. The WV-CW and CWT use considerably more resources than the STFT and the DWT.
More testing of the new metric is needed to determine its value for automatic fault detection and to develop methods of setting the threshold for the metric. Han, Xingkai; Cao, Baiyu 2011-10-01 In this paper, we proposed an improved music information retrieval method utilizing the music fingerprint. The goal of this method is to represent the music with compressed musical information. Based on the selected MIDI files, which are generated automatically as our music target database, we evaluate the accuracy, effectiveness, and efficiency of this method. In this research we not only extract the feature sequence, which can represent the file effectively, from the query and melody database, but also make it possible for retrieving the results in an innovative way. We investigate on the influence of noise to the performance of our system. As experimental result shows, the retrieval accuracy arriving at up to91% without noise is pretty well.
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research March 2015; 14 (3): 511-518. ISSN: 1596-5996. It undergoes minimal biotransformation in the liver to form the inactive. Like in-injector, bench- top, freeze/thaw and long-term stability tests. nFN Arikah 2015-03-01 Gastritis is a digestive disorder caused by diet. Nearly 10 percent of people worldwide suffer from gastritis.
In Indonesia, the incidence of gastritis was 40.8 percent. Food consumption which is a trigger factor of gastritis are the high consumption of protein in the daily diet, spicy foods and drinking coffee. This study aimed to identify risk factors of food consumption history that could increase gastric acidity as a risk factor of gastritis. The observational study with case control design conducted to 32 respondents devided into 2 groups, gastritis and non-gastritis group.
Independent variables were protein consumption history, consumption of chili sauce, and drinking coffee habits. Sampling has done using systematic random sampling and food history was assessed using Dietary History form and Food Frequency semi quantitative form. The results showed that most of the gastritis respondents were female (78,12%, at the age range of 20-30 years (40,63%, and had suffered gastritis 3 years (43,75%. The risk estimation results indicated that the significant variables as risk factors of gastritis were frequency of milk consumption (p=0,034, OR=6,600 and the amount of chili sauce consumption (p=0,037, OR=11,667. Respondents with frequent history of milk consumption had 6,6 times greater risk for experiencing gastritis than those infrequent history of milk consumption, and respondents who had history of chili sauce consumption habits 3 tsp per consumptionhad 11,667 times greater risk for experiencing gastritis than those who consumed chili sauce habits less than that. Patients with gastritis should limit their milk consumption especially when ate with other heavy foods; and also limit consumption of chili sauce because it can stimulate excessive production of gastric acid that can iritate the gastric mucosa. Keywords: diet history, gastric acid, gastritis.
Nugrahani, Arsa Wahyu; Rinihapsari, Elisa 2013-01-01 Aspergillus Niger is the highest citric acid producer. It will be better if other species like yeast can also produce citric acid faster and greater. Mold and yeast were inoculated in medium containing glucose as carbon source.
Medium was shaked 7 x 24 hours where every 24 hours some medium sample was taken to measure citric acid concentration using volumetric method with neutral reaction. The data was analysed using two way anova. The result showed that yeast produced citric acid but not mor. Iman Rahayu 2016-08-01 Full Text Available The growing interest in nanostructured conducting polymers is caused by expanding area of their practical application.
Conducting polymers can be used in new electronic devices (transistors, displays, sensors, energy storage and memory cells, materials for shielding electromagnetic irradiation, inhibition of corrosion, membrane constructing, catalysis and medicine. The studies of polyaniline (PANI and other conducting polymers have shown that they possess semiconducting properties. Due to its high stability and unique complex of properties, PANI was the first among conducting polymers to be used in practice as an electrode material for batteries, as a corrosion inhibitor and detecting material for sensors. PANI without dopant material possesses controlled conductivity 10-10 S∙cm-1. PANI was synthesized by the interfacial method by oxidation of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS as an oxidant in an immiscible organic/aqueous biphasic system, with hydrochloric acid as dopant.
An organic phase contained aniline dissolved in toluene, while the oxidant was dissolved in acid. The produced PANIs have conductivities in the range 0.03-0.07 S.cm−1. Their nanofiber morphology was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM.
Molecular structure of synthesized PANIs was investigated by FTIR Spectroscopy. DOI:. Prima Astuti Handayani 2014-05-01 Full Text Available Indigo is a natural blue dye substance of batik extracted from the leaves of indigo plant, which is eco-friendly and non-carcinogenic. To be able to extract an indigo dye substance, the indican glycosides contained in the leaves of the plant is first hydrolyzed into Indigo indoxyl and glucose by using either the dilute mineral acids or enzymes. The indoxyl is then oxidized to indigo. In this experiment, the extraction of the blue dye substance of indigo plant was carried out by method of acidifying.
The observations made on the variation of the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the aeration time, the acids, and the type of binding substances. The material used in the experiment included the 2 months old of Indigo leaves, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, sugar, lime, alum and tunjung (Ferrous sulfate. The equipments used in the aeration were beaker glass and the air pump.The process was initiated by soaking the indigo leaves in acid with a specific concentration for 24 hours. The filtrate was then oxidized by flowing the air using the air pump for 12 hours. Then, the sample was applied by immersing the fabric in a solution of the binding substances consisted of Ferrous sulfate, alum, and lime. The experiment results show that higher concentration of indigo was obtained from the longer aeration time. By comparing different type of acids, the extraction using 0.01 M H2SO4 shows better than using HCl in the same concentration.
The highest indigo concentration produced by the extraction using 0.01 M H2SO4 was 29.20 ppm, while the highest concentration produced from the extraction using 0.01 M HCl was 26.88 ppm. The use of different type of binding substances on the fabric, giving the appearance of different colors. The binding substance of Tunjung produces the dark blue color, lime produces greenish blue colour, and alum produces a blue color. Zhafira, Audra Tisha 2016-01-01 CPO bleaching effect on free fatty acid content using titration methods alkalimetry.
The experiments conducted to determine the relationship bleaching CPO with free fatty acid levels. Results obtained without bleaching at 3,0395%; by bleaching for 15 minutes at 4,3867%; bleaching for 30 minutes at 4,5997%; bleaching for 45 minutes at 4,6837%; and bleaching for 60 minutes at 4,8083%. Conclusion that the heating during prolonged bleaching can cause levels of free fatty acids in the higher.